1. a. On a fast day, we add the prayer of עננו (answer us”) during the recitation of Shemoneh Esrei – both in the silent recitation and the hazzan’s repetition. The individual recites עננו as part of the berachah of .שמע קולנו

b. עננו is added during Shaharit and Minhah, but not at Arbit because the fast does not begin the night before. Tishah B’Av is an exception since it begins the night before עננו is recited at Arbit.

2. If an individual forgot to say עננו, he does not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. 

3. a. If an individual forgot to say עננו, in its proper place but remembered before he finished Shemoneh Esrei, he may insert it at the end of אלקי נצור before "יהיו לרצון אמרי פי", at the end of Shemoneh Esrei. He recites the entire עננו and concludes it with תפלה ברוך שומע  not mentioning the name of Hashem). 

b. If he forgot to properly insert עננו but remembered during the recitation of the conclusion of שמע קולנו, if he already said 'ברוך אתה ה he may not insert the words למדני חוקיך to complete the Berachah so as to go back and say Aneinu. Rather, he must conclude the Berachah correctly of שומע תפלה and add עננו at the end of אלקי נצור.

4. If he totally forgot to recite עננו then he can closely follow the hazzan’s recitation of the Amidah, word for word, with the intention of being yotzei (fulfilling his obligation).

5. a. Only an individual who is fasting adds עננו, but if someone is ill and not fasting, he does not recite עננו.

b. If an individual knows he will not complete the fast (or even if he is doubtful) he should not recite עננו even at Shaharit when he has not yet eaten.

6. On a communal fast day (תענית צבור) the hazzan says עננו after the Berachah of גואל ישראל  and concludes it with the Berachah העונה לעמו ישראל .בעת צרה The reason it is inserted here is because there is a connection in Tehillim between גאולה and עננו In Tehillim the final verse in Chapter 19:15 is יהיו לרצון אמרי פי ... ה' צורי גואלי and immediately is followed by יענך ה' ביום צרה in Chapter 20:2. Therefore the Berachah of גואל ישראל  is connected to עננו which concludes with the berachah of העונה לעמו ישראל בעת צרה. 

7. a. The hazzan can only recite עננו if there is a minyan – ten people who are fasting. In the event there are not ten men fasting it is sufficient that there be six and the hazzan may be one of them. 

b. If some of the men have already prayed they may not be counted as part of the minyan required to recite עננו.

c. If the required number is not present, the hazzan recites עננו during שמע קולנו (like the individual).

8. a. Only a hazzan who is fasting the entire fast may recite עננו after .גואל ישראל

b. If no one else is available to lead the service and the one serving as hazzan is not fasting, he may not insert עננו after ישראל גואל but instead recites it during שמע קולנו like an individual.

9. a. If a hazzan forgot to insert עננו in its proper place, he should do so in שמע קולנו, but he does not say the concluding Berachah of העונה לעמו ישראל בעת צרה. Rather, he recites the usual conclusion of שמע קולנו.

b. If he did not remember to insert עננו during שמע קולנו then he should do so at the end of Shemoneh Esrei, but without mentioning Hashem’s Name in the conclusion – instead he concludes ברוך שומע תפלה.